How to Download JDK 12 for Java Development
If you are a Java developer or want to learn Java programming, you will need a software tool called JDK or Java Development Kit. JDK is a bundle of software components that allows you to create, compile, run, and debug Java applications and applets. In this article, we will show you how to download JDK 12, the latest release of JDK, from Oracle and how to install it on your computer. We will also show you how to test if JDK 12 is working properly on your system.
What is JDK 12 and why do you need it?
JDK 12 is the twelfth major release of the Java Development Kit, which was launched in March 2019. It is part of the Java SE or Java Platform, Standard Edition, which is a set of specifications and APIs that define the core features and functionality of the Java programming language and platform. Java SE is widely used for developing desktop, web, and embedded applications that run on various devices and platforms.
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You need JDK 12 if you want to develop applications using the latest features and enhancements of Java SE. Some of these features include:
JDK 12 features and enhancements
Switch expressions: This feature allows you to use switch statements as expressions that can return values, making your code more concise and readable. You can also use multiple case labels for a single switch case, and use arrow syntax for simple cases.
Lambda parameter type inference: This feature allows you to omit the types of lambda parameters in some cases, making your code more concise and readable. The compiler can infer the types of lambda parameters from the context.
Raw string literals: This feature allows you to use backticks (`) to enclose string literals that span multiple lines and contain any characters, without needing to escape them. This makes your code more readable and convenient when dealing with text blocks, HTML, XML, JSON, regex, etc.
Dynamic CDS archives: This feature allows you to improve the startup performance of your Java applications by creating dynamic class data sharing (CDS) archives that contain classes from your application modules and libraries.
Default CDS archives: This feature allows you to improve the startup performance of your Java applications by using default CDS archives that contain classes from the JDK modules.
JVM constants API: This feature allows you to model nominal descriptors for various kinds of low-level entities in the Java virtual machine (JVM), such as classes, methods, fields, etc. This can be used to support dynamic languages and bytecode manipulation frameworks.
One AArch64 port: This feature allows you to simplify the porting and maintenance of the JDK on the ARM 64-bit architecture (AArch64) by removing the existing two ports and providing a single implementation based on the 64-bit ARMv8-A architecture.
Microbenchmark suite: This feature allows you to measure the performance of your Java applications using a set of microbenchmarks based on the Java Microbenchmark Harness (JMH) framework.
G1 improvements: This feature allows you to improve the performance and predictability of the Garbage-First (G1) garbage collector by introducing various enhancements, such as abortable mixed collections, concurrent class unloading, parallel full GC, and improved string deduplication.
Shenandoah: This feature allows you to use a new low-pause-time garbage collector called Shenandoah, which reduces GC pause times by performing more work concurrently with the running Java threads.
These are some of the main features and enhancements of JDK 12. You can find more details and examples in the .
JDK 12 compatibility and support
JDK 12 is compatible with Java SE 11, which means that your existing Java applications and libraries should run without any changes or recompilation on JDK 12. However, some features may be deprecated or removed in JDK 12, so you should check the for any potential issues before migrating to JDK 12.
JDK 12 is also a short-term release, which means that it will receive updates only until September 2019. After that, you will need to upgrade to a newer version of JDK to get security and bug fixes. If you want a long-term support (LTS) version of JDK, you should use JDK 11, which will receive updates until September 2026. You can find more information about the on the Oracle website.
How to download JDK 12 from Oracle
Now that you know what JDK 12 is and why you need it, let's see how you can download it from Oracle. Oracle provides JDK 12 binaries for Windows, Linux, and macOS platforms. You can also download the source code of JDK 12 if you want to build it yourself. Here are the steps to download JDK 12 from Oracle:
Step 1: Go to the Oracle Java Archive page
The first step is to go to the , which contains all the previous versions of Java SE. Scroll down to find the section for Java SE Development Kit 12. You will see a table with different columns for each platform and architecture. For example, Windows x64, Linux x64, macOS x64, etc.
Step 2: Choose the JDK 12 version that suits your operating system
The next step is to choose the JDK 12 version that suits your operating system and architecture. For example, if you are using Windows 10 on a 64-bit machine, you should choose Windows x64. If you are using Linux on a 64-bit machine, you should choose Linux x64. If you are using macOS on a 64-bit machine, you should choose macOS x64.
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You will see a link for each version that ends with .exe, .tar.gz, or .dmg. These are the file formats for Windows, Linux, and macOS respectively. Click on the link that matches your platform and architecture.
Step 3: Accept the license agreement and download the file
The next step is to accept the license agreement and download the file. You will be redirected to a page that asks you to accept the Oracle Technology Network License Agreement for Oracle Java SE. This is a legal document that governs your use of JDK 12. You should read it carefully and agree to its terms before proceeding.
After you accept the license agreement, you will see a button that says "Download". Click on it and save the file to your preferred location on your computer. The file size may vary depending on your platform and architecture, but it should be around 150 MB.
Step 4: Verify the checksum of the downloaded file
The last step is to verify the checksum of the downloaded file. , click on New to create a new variable.
In the New User Variable window, enter JAVA_HOME as the variable name and the path to the JDK 12 folder as the variable value. For example, C:\Program Files\Java\jdk-12.x.x, where x.x is the update number. Click OK.
In the System variables section, find the variable named Path and click on Edit.
In the Edit System Variable window, click on New and enter %JAVA_HOME%\bin as the new value. This will add the JDK 12 bin folder to the system path. Click OK.
Click OK to close the Environment Variables window and click OK to close the System Properties window.
To verify that the JAVA_HOME environment variable is set correctly, open a command prompt and type echo %JAVA_HOME%. You should see the path to the JDK 12 folder as the output. If not, check your spelling and try again.
How to install JDK 12 on Linux
If you are using Linux, you can install JDK 12 by following these steps:
Step 1: Extract the tar.gz file
The first step is to extract the tar.gz file that you downloaded from Oracle. It should have a name like jdk-12.x.x_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz, where x.x is the update number and x64 is the architecture. To extract it, open a terminal and navigate to the folder where you saved the file. Then, type the following command:
tar -xvf jdk-12.x.x_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz
This will create a folder named jdk-12.x.x, where x.x is the update number, in the same folder.
Step 2: Move the extracted folder to a permanent location
The next step is to move the extracted folder to a permanent location where you want to keep JDK 12. For example, you can move it to /usr/local/java. To do this, type the following command:
sudo mv jdk-12.x.x /usr/local/java
This will move the folder to /usr/local/java and rename it to jdk-12.x.x.
Step 3: Set the JAVA_HOME environment variable
The last step is to set the JAVA_HOME environment variable, which tells your system where to find JDK 12. This is important for running Java applications and tools from the terminal or other programs. To set the JAVA_HOME environment variable, follow these steps:
Open a text editor and create a file named jdk12.sh in /etc/profile.d. To do this, type the following command:
sudo nano /etc/profile.d/jdk12.sh
In the file, enter the following line:
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java/jdk-12.x.x
Save and close the file.
Make the file executable by typing the following command:
sudo chmod +x /etc/profile.d/jdk12.sh
Load the file by typing the following command:
source /etc/profile.d/jdk12.sh
To verify that the JAVA_HOME environment variable is set correctly, open a terminal and type echo $JAVA_HOME. You should see the path to the JDK 12 folder as the output. If not, check your spelling and try again.
How to test if JDK 12 is working properly
Now that you have installed JDK 12 on your computer, you can test if it is working properly by checking the Java version and compiling and running a simple Java program with JDK 12. Here are the steps to test if JDK 12 is working properly:
How to check the Java version from the command line
The first step is to check the Java version from the command line. This will tell you if JDK 12 is recognized by your system and if it is the default Java version. To check the Java version, open a terminal and type the following command:
java -version
You should see an output like this:
java version "12.x.x" 2019-03-19 Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 12.x.x+xx) Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 12.x.x+xx, mixed mode, sharing)
The output may vary slightly depending on your platform and architecture, but it should show you the Java version, the Java SE release date, the Java runtime environment, and the Java virtual machine. If you see these information, it means that JDK 12 is working properly on your system.
If you see a different Java version or an error message, it means that JDK 12 is not recognized by your system or not set as the default Java version. You should check your installation and environment variables and try again.
How to compile and run a simple Java program with JDK 12
The next step is to compile and run a simple Java program with JDK 12. This will tell you if JDK 12 can compile and execute Java code correctly. To compile and run a simple Java program, follow these steps:
Create a text file named HelloWorld.java in your preferred location on your computer. To do this, open a text editor and enter the following code:
public class HelloWorld public static void main(String[] args) System.out.println("Hello, world!");
Save and close the file.
Open a terminal and navigate to the folder where you saved the file. Then, type the following command to compile the file:
javac HelloWorld.java
This will create a file named HelloWorld.class in the same folder. This is the bytecode file that can be executed by the Java virtual machine.
Type the following command to run the file:
java HelloWorld
You should see an output like this:
Hello, world!
If you see this output, it means that JDK 12 can compile and run a simple Java program successfully.
If you see an error message or a different output, it means that JDK 12 has some problems with compiling or running Java code. You should check your code, installation, and environment variables and try again.
Conclusion
In this article, we have shown you how to download JDK 12 from Oracle and how to install it on your computer. We have also shown you how to test if JDK 12 is working properly on your system. We hope that this article has helped you to get started with JDK 12 and Java development.
FAQs
Q: What is the difference between JDK and JRE?
A: JDK stands for Java Development Kit, which is a software tool that allows you to create, compile, run, and debug Java applications and applets. JRE stands for Java Runtime Environment, which is a software component that allows you to run Java applications and applets on your system. JDK includes JRE, but JRE does not include JDK.
Q: How can I switch between different versions of JDK on my system?
A: You can switch between different versions of JDK on your system by changing the JAVA_HOME environment variable and the system path. For example, if you have JDK 11 and JDK 12 installed on your system, you can switch from JDK 11 to JDK 12 by setting JAVA_HOME to point to the JDK 12 folder and adding %JAVA_HOME%\bin (for Windows) or $JAVA_HOME/bin (for Linux or macOS) to the system path.
Q: How can I update JDK 12 to a newer version?A: You can update JDK 12 to a newer version by downloading and installing the latest update from the to check for updates and install them automatically. However, you should note that JDK 12 is a short-term release and will not receive updates after September 2019. If you want a long-term support (LTS) version of JDK, you should use JDK 11, which will receive updates until September 2026.
Q: How can I uninstall JDK 12 from my system?
A: You can uninstall JDK 12 from your system by following these steps:
For Windows, go to the Control Panel and click on Programs and Features. Find Java SE Development Kit 12 in the list of programs and click on Uninstall. Follow the instructions to complete the uninstallation.
For Linux, go to the folder where you installed JDK 12 and delete it. For example, if you installed it in /usr/local/java, type the following command in a terminal: sudo rm -rf /usr/local/java/jdk-12.x.x
For macOS, go to the folder /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines and delete the file named jdk-12.x.x.jdk. For example, type the following command in a terminal: sudo rm -rf /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk-12.x.x.jdk
Q: Where can I find more resources and tutorials on JDK 12 and Java development?
A: You can find more resources and tutorials on JDK 12 and Java development on the following websites:
: This website contains the official documentation for JDK 12 and Java SE, including guides, tutorials, reference manuals, API specifications, and more.
: This website contains a collection of free online courses, videos, articles, and quizzes on various topics related to Java development, such as Java basics, Java EE, Java ME, Java FX, etc.
: This website contains a digital magazine that covers various aspects of Java development, such as new features, best practices, case studies, interviews, etc.
: This website contains a series of practical tutorials that teach you how to use various features and technologies of Java SE, such as collections, concurrency, generics, lambda expressions, streams, etc.
: This website contains a series of comprehensive tutorials that cover various topics related to Java development, such as syntax, data types, operators, control statements, classes, objects, inheritance, polymorphism, exceptions, threads, files, I/O, networking, GUI, etc.
: This website contains a series of simple and easy-to-follow tutorials that introduce you to the basics of Java development, such as syntax, variables, data types, operators, control statements, methods, arrays, strings, etc.
These are some of the websites that can help you learn more about JDK 12 and Java development. You can also search for other online resources and books that suit your needs and preferences. 44f88ac181
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